Arterial Stiffness and Glaucoma: A Narrative Review on Diagnosis and Progression
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55940/medphar2025114Keywords:
Arterial stiffness, Glaucoma, Ocular perfusion, Retinal vascular dysfunction, Systemic vascular healthAbstract
Background
Arterial stiffness has been suggested as a factor influencing glaucomatous damage. This review aims to summarize the findings from 12 studies exploring the link between arterial stiffness and different types of glaucoma, including normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), and exfoliation glaucoma (XFG).
Objective
To investigate how arterial stiffness relates to glaucoma and to highlight gaps in current research.
Methods
A comprehensive search of Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), PubMed, and Google Scholar was conducted in November 2024. The review included studies that examined arterial stiffness and its link to glaucoma.
Results
Evidence indicates that increased arterial stiffness is associated with glaucomatous damage, potentially through disrupted ocular blood flow and retinal vascular dysfunction. This association appears most pronounced in POAG, NTG, and XFG, conditions known for vascular irregularities. However, results from NTG studies were more variable, suggesting that further research is needed. The observed inconsistencies may be from differences in study methodologies, follow-up periods, and diagnostic criteria.
Conclusion
Arterial stiffness may play a significant role in glaucomatous damage, particularly in high-tension glaucoma. More research is needed to clarify the mechanisms behind this link, particularly in relation to retinal vascular resistance and ocular perfusion.
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